peters



steam-boiler which supplies it.

DERK A. TER HOEVEN, OF PHILADELPHIA, VFENNSYL`.\TA\TIA Letter@ Patent N0. 79,160, mamme 2e, 186s;

ilgef dnhule' nimm it im tlg'e rttlrsttmt :mt millimetri si tige time.'

-TO` ALL WHOM IT 'MAY CONCERN:

Be itknown that I, DERK.'A. TER HOEVEN, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented. anew Process for the Manufacture of Horn-Dust Fertilizer? and I do hereby declare the following isa full, clear, and exact description thereoreference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters o'f referencemarked thereon. i l l i The nature of my invention consists in {aking hoofs and-.horns of anima-ls and reducing them' lio-powder ksuitable for application t'o the soil' as :i fertiliser.

To enable others skilled inthe art to make and4 use my invention, :I will proceed todescribethe process of manufatnre. A I i i 'i i V Figure 1 .is an elevation of the steam-digester.

Figure 2 is a section through the drying-kiln.

Figure 3 is a sectional elevation through the edge or mortar-mill `The steam-digester A .is mounted on journalsb .721, resting on bearings B. ",'The journalpbhas a'worm-whecl,

c, geared on it.l worm-pinion, c1, 4gears. into this wheel, by means of which .the digester caube dumped and 4 its contents emptied. ,The other journal, Zal, is hollow, thrughwhch--the'steam -entersthe'digester from the There is a drain-pipe.and cocl:v D, by which the condensed steam is drawn oil, A small-'arched grating, acting as a strainer, is placed overthe inlet to' this cock l The upper cock and pipe E vare forblowingout'the air, und for'emptyiu'g'the digester of steam-at the cons clusion of the operation. i. f Y I .G istheema-n-hole, secured by cros-har, g, withbollts and nuts.y "i

Fig. 2 is the drying-kiln. The ioor of this-kiln is oi' bri'ck, H. At one end isa series of fireplaces, ranged vside by side. ylol is the re-door; k2, the fire-bars; k3, the end wall. M is the long ilue, under the iloor of the'v kiln. Each fireplace is separated by a. wall runningthe lengthy of the kiln, and'terminatin'g in a cross-flue, 0,v

leading to the chimney-P. 'R is a wooden shed raised over th'ekiln;1, ventilators to regulate the temperature of ythe room S.'

Fig. 3 shows the edge-'mill usedffor crushing ,the horns to powder. `T is thetrongh or pen into which vthe lprepared horns are placed.` V is a'stone about five feetidiametenlse't on edge, and turning on the shaft W,

which is driven round `the `centre shaft Xby'horse or steatn`-powen The operation of the process isinthisj'way: A

The hornsand hoofs ofanimals', button-waste,and-similar.glutinoussubstances,are placed in the digeste The steam frouljtheboiler' is turned on,'fr om fortymo eighty pounds pressure. 'Atthis `pressure and tern-4 yperatnre of steam,hons and lbuttorilwaste will require about one and a quarter to one and a half hour'.` Roofs" will require two totwo and a. halfhours'. The" cock `isopfened from time to time tondiaw oil' the condensed water. When the necessary time has elapsed,tl1e material -isdumped o utof the digesterand transferredtothe Hoon-H, of the drying-hihi. VThis floor is kept at a low temperatureof about 170, and the room Sfat 90- `to 100. The ho'i'sare spreadeabout six inches despertar the floor, and` in fair weather will be readyfor'the erusher in two or three days. Y l v By this planof steaming at a lowtemperaturefand drying, as described, thefertilizing properties ofthe horns and hoofs a'rerpreserved without deterioration.'

When the hoofs are dried sufficiently brittle to break in thc linger-s', they'are removed to the pan T und -ground to powder beneaththe stone, ,VQ JThe `finest portion is then sifted ont,"the shoes ,and iron picked out,- and the coarse powder is either used-for the' soil or crushed over again. i i

I am well aware that hoofs and horns have-.been -incidentallysteamed and ground with bones in the manufacture of snperphosphate and gi'onnd.bone-dust. They hare, however, been driedat higher temperatures, so

- as to har them and ,.mlrethem more friable,

which deteriorates the qality, and then they can oniyibe put through a'. bone-mill inv *small quantities with the bones, on aecountuf gumming and their glutinous proper-ties.

`I believe @his is the rs't article of pure hoof andV horn-dust'made. i -Ivmake noclaim tn .the digester, nor/t9 t klar Qnesare iii use, in v'arious meehucal operations.

" Wht I [cliui as my invetion, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The process ofvmuking hbrn'du'st as a fertilizer, by the combiri'ation of steaming, drying, vand crushing, as

'whole operati'ofin the manner substantially :is described. D. A.y TER HOEVEN. Witnesses:

EDW. BROWN, ,Wr LEICESTEB AUSTIN. l

he kiln, .nor tvo the edge-mill.v TheyV are all i n use, or nearly vsimi-l 

